Revista de Sociología[0-9]{4}https://revistaschilenas.uchile.cl/handle/2250/242502026-05-09T01:34:04Z2026-05-09T01:34:04ZA photograph of work in the popular economy, in Rosario, Argentina. Theoretical, epistemological and statistical approaches for its measurement and visibilityhttps://revistaschilenas.uchile.cl/handle/2250/2512042025-04-07T14:33:26ZA photograph of work in the popular economy, in Rosario, Argentina. Theoretical, epistemological and statistical approaches for its measurement and visibility; Una fotografía del trabajo en la economía popular de la ciudad de Rosario, Argentina. Aproximaciones teóricas, epistemológicas y estadísticas para su medición y visibilización
This study aims to outline the contours of Popular Economy (PE) in the city of Rosario and identify the main demographic characteristics, work activities, working conditions and housing situation of the homes of those who work in this sector. Based on the analysis of previous measurement proposals, delimitation criteria, operational definitions and dimensions of analysis were constructed using data from the Rosario Household Survey, carried out between October and December 2021. The findings reveal that, at the end of the year In 2021, more than a quarter of the employed population in Rosario was part of the EP. Likewise, characteristics specific to this group were identified that differentiate it from the group of employed people: it is a highly feminized labor group, which works in more precarious conditions than the group and lives in homes with greater structural deficiencies and access to services.. These and other specific characteristics reaffirm the need of systematic and periodic statistical sources to formulate better public policies for these labor groups.; Este estudio tiene como objetivo delinear los contornos de la economía popular (EP) en Rosario, poblacionalmente la tercera ciudad de Argentina, e identificar las principales características demográficas, actividades laborales, condiciones de trabajo y situación habitacional de los hogares de quienes se desempeñan en este sector. A partir del análisis de propuestas de medición previas, se construyeron criterios de delimitación, definiciones operativas y dimensiones de análisis utilizando datos de la Encuesta de Hogares Rosario, llevada a cabo por la Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR) entre octubre y diciembre de 2021. Los hallazgos revelan que, a finales del año 2021, más de una cuarta parte de la población ocupada en Rosario formaba parte de la EP. Asimismo, se identificaron características propias de este colectivo que lo diferencia del conjunto de ocupados/as: se trata de un grupo laboral altamente feminizado, que trabaja predominantemente en el espacio público y en el domicilio particular de sus clientes, en condiciones más precarias que el conjunto y habita hogares con mayores deficiencias estructurales y en el acceso a servicios. Estas y otras características específicas reafirman la necesidad de contar con fuentes estadísticas sistemáticas y periódicas que permitan formular mejores políticas públicas para estos colectivos laborales.
The informalization of the formal in the Brazilian textile-clothing complex: an analysis of the disputes over working time after the labor reformhttps://revistaschilenas.uchile.cl/handle/2250/2512082025-04-07T14:33:27ZThe informalization of the formal in the Brazilian textile-clothing complex: an analysis of the disputes over working time after the labor reform; A informalização do formal no complexo têxtil-vestuário brasileiro: uma análise das disputas em torno do tempo de trabalho após a reforma trabalhista
The article aims to analyze the main disputes regarding the control and management of working time in the textile-garment industry that have developed more strongly after the labor law reform of 2017. Faced with the growing overlap and appropriation of “reproductive time” by “productive time” and in a society like Brazil, marked by a process of informalization, is essential an analysis that also considers processes that are less evident, such as the reality of formal workers. By examining collective agreements and conducting interviews with trade union leaders, the research draws attention to how outsourcing, the hour bank and the reduction of breaks have contributed to expanding flexibility, generalizing relationships and working conditions typical of informality, that is, who enter the universe of formal work.; O artigo tem como objetivo analisar as principais disputas em relação ao controle e gestão do tempo de trabalho no complexo têxtil-vestuário após a reforma trabalhista de 2017. Diante da crescente sobreposição e apropriação do “tempo reprodutivo” pelo “tempo produtivo”, em uma sociedade como a brasileira, marcada por um processo de informalização, é fundamental uma análise que considere também os processos que estão em menor evidência, como a realidade dos/as trabalhadores/as formais. Através da realização de entrevistas com dirigentes sindicais, a pesquisa chama a atenção para como a terceirização, o banco de horas e a redução de intervalos têm contribuído para ampliar a flexibilidade, generalizando relações e condições de trabalho típicas da informalidade, isto é, que vão adentrando o universo do trabalho formal.
In the Argentine IT sector: is a university degree not valuable?https://revistaschilenas.uchile.cl/handle/2250/2512052025-04-07T14:33:26ZIn the Argentine IT sector: is a university degree not valuable?; En el sector informático argentino: ¿el título universitario no vale?
This article analyzes the impact of university degrees on access to job positions in Argentina`s software and IT services (SSI) sector. It begins with the identification of a common belief among IT workers that a degree is now "worthless." This implies that is not necessary to be a university graduate to enter the workforce or advance professionally; instead, what is valued is experience (primarily in programming languages). In line with this, despite the growth in job positions in the national SSI sector, the number of graduates from university programs related to IT remains stable, indicating that workers are pursuing other forms of education. Our contribution is to explain this phenomenon based on the software factory model that characterizes the Argentine SSI sector, which specializes in exporting low-complexity services that require few professionals. This analysis is based on national labor and education statistics, an examination of the discourse from business leaders, unions, government officials, and educators through journalistic sources, and in-depth interviews with IT workers.; Este artículo analiza la incidencia del título universitario en el acceso a puestos laborales del sector de software y servicios informáticos argentino (SSI). Parte la de la identificación de un sentido común entre trabajadores informáticos que sostiene que el título ya “no vale”. Esto alude a que no es necesario ser un profesional universitario para ingresar a trabajar ni para ascender laboralmente, sino que lo que se valora es la experiencia (principalmente, en el manejo de lenguajes de programación). En sintonía con ello, a pesar del crecimiento de los puestos laborales en el sector SSI nacional, el número de graduados de carreras universitarias vinculadas a la informática se mantiene estable; lo cual indica que sus trabajadores atraviesan otro tipo de formación. Nuestro aporte consiste en explicar este fenómeno a partir del modelo de software factory que caracteriza al sector de SSI argentino, especializado en la exportación de servicios de baja complejidad que requiere pocos profesionales. Este análisis lo realizamos a partir de estadísticas laborales y educativas nacionales, el abordaje de los discursos de empresarios, sindicatos, funcionarios y educadores a través de fuentes periodísticas, y entrevistas en profundidad a trabajadores informáticos.
Non-state socio-productive spaces in Cuba. A view from feminist economicshttps://revistaschilenas.uchile.cl/handle/2250/2512062025-04-07T14:33:26ZNon-state socio-productive spaces in Cuba. A view from feminist economics; Espacios socioproductivos no estatales de Cuba. Una mirada desde la economía feminista
The article offers the perspective of feminist economics to problematize Cuban debates on care and work in the context of diversity of economic actors in Cuba, based on the expansion to non-state sectors of the economy. It problematizes some of the social impacts generated by the economic reforms initiated in 2007, and their contribution to the deepening of structural inequalities of various kinds. It argues the need to broaden the economistic perspective with which the changes have been conducted since that date to propose an alternative that does not prioritize the market as a regulator of access to goods and services but rather puts the sustainability of people's lives and nature at the center. It broadens the view of non-state socio-productive spaces to consider them beyond the economic, but as spaces where the lives of their workers are produced and (re)produced, with their ethical, political and cultural meanings.; El artículo ofrece la perspectiva de la economía feminista para problematizar los debates cubanos sobre cuidados y trabajo en el contexto de diversidad de actores económicos en Cuba, a partir de la ampliación a sectores no estatales de la economía. Problematiza al respecto de algunos impactos sociales generados por las reformas económicas iniciadas en el 2007, y su contribución a la profundización de desigualdades estructurales de diversa índole. Argumenta la necesidad de ampliar la mirada economicista con que se han conducido los cambios desde esa fecha para proponer una alternativa que no priorice el mercado como regulador del acceso a bienes y servicios, sino que ponga en el centro la sostenibilidad de la vida de las personas y la naturaleza. Amplía la mirada sobre los espacios socioproductivos no estatales para considerarlos más allá de lo económico, sino como espacios en donde se produce y (re)produce la vida de sus trabajadores/as, con sus sentidos éticos, políticos y culturales.