https://revistaschilenas.uchile.cl/handle/2250/9926 [0-9]{4} Sun, 10 May 2026 19:16:59 GMT 2026-05-10T19:16:59Z https://revistaschilenas.uchile.cl:443/bitstream/id/72703828-d28f-49c7-8c17-61af822593d6/ https://revistaschilenas.uchile.cl/handle/2250/9926 https://revistaschilenas.uchile.cl/handle/2250/246393 Polarity shifting in opinion mining through quantification in English; El cambio de polaridad en la minería de opiniones a través de la cuantificación en inglés Polarity shifting can be considered one of the most challenging problems in the context of sentiment analysis. Polarity shifters are treated as linguistic contextual items that can increment, reduce or neutralise the polarity of a word called ‘focus’ included in an opinion. The automatic detection of such items enhances performance and accuracy of computational systems for opinion mining. From a symbolic approach, we aim to advance in the automatic processing of the polarity shifters that affect the opinions expressed on tweets in English. To this end, we describe a novel knowledge-based model to deal with quantification in English, which increments or reduces the polarity of opinions. In particular, we explain the linguistic rules of each category of quantification shifter, including information about the scope and direction with respect to the focus. Furthermore, we present the mathematical formulae that calculate the strength of the effect on the prior polarity. Finally, we describe the matrices associated to the linguistic rules, which serve to model the knowledge in text-mining systems.; El cambio de polaridad se considera uno de los problemas más desafiantes dentro del ámbito de la minería de opiniones. Los operadores de cambio de polaridad son elementos lingüísticos contextuales que pueden aumentar, reducir o neutralizar la polaridad de una palabra denominada “foco” que se incluye en la expresión de una opinión. La detección automática de tales elementos mejora el rendimiento y la precisión de los sistemas computacionales para la minería de opiniones. Desde un enfoque simbólico, este artículo presenta un avance en el procesamiento automático de los operadores contextuales que afectan la polaridad de las opiniones expresadas en tuits escritos en inglés. Con este fin, proponemos un nuevo modelo basado en el conocimiento relativo a la cuantificación en inglés, la cual puede incrementar o reducir la polaridad de las opiniones. En concreto, describimos las reglas lingüísticas de cada categoría de operador asociado a la cuantificación, incluyendo información sobre el alcance y la dirección del operador con respecto al foco. Además, indicamos las fórmulas matemáticas que calculan la fuerza del efecto sobre la polaridad previa. Finalmente, presentamos las matrices asociadas a las reglas lingüísticas, las cuales facilitan la modelización del conocimiento en un sistema de minería textual. https://revistaschilenas.uchile.cl/handle/2250/246393 https://revistaschilenas.uchile.cl/handle/2250/246394 Amanda T. Abbott-Jones: Cognitive and Emotional Study Strategies for Students with Dyslexia in Higher Education: (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2023. 449 pages); Amanda T. Abbott-Jones: Cognitive and Emotional Study Strategies for Students with Dyslexia in Higher Education: (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2023. 449 pages) -; - https://revistaschilenas.uchile.cl/handle/2250/246394 https://revistaschilenas.uchile.cl/handle/2250/246391 Methodologies and models in the teaching of Spanish as a foreign language; Methodologies and models in the teaching of Spanish as a foreign language In this paper, the evolution of the main language teaching methods and their treatment of learning difficulties is succinctly presented. The different methodologies that have been tested throughout the history of the teaching of a second language (L2) are supported by different theoretical principles and hypotheses. The different theoretical linguistic models have presented, each one from their particular methodology, their approaches on how to develop such a process.; In this paper, the evolution of the main language teaching methods and their treatment of learning difficulties is succinctly presented. The different methodologies that have been tested throughout the history of the teaching of a second language (L2) are supported by different theoretical principles and hypotheses. The different theoretical linguistic models have presented, each one from their particular methodology, their approaches on how to develop such a process. https://revistaschilenas.uchile.cl/handle/2250/246391 https://revistaschilenas.uchile.cl/handle/2250/246392 Charteris-Black, Jonathan: Metaphors of coronavirus: Invisible enemy or zombie apocalypse? (Palgrave Macmillan, 2021. 317 pp. ISBN 978-3-030-85105-7 (paperback). E-book 978-3-030-85106-4); Charteris-Black, Jonathan: Metaphors of coronavirus: Invisible enemy or zombie apocalypse? (Palgrave Macmillan, 2021. 317 pp. ISBN 978-3-030-85105-7 (paperback). E-book 978-3-030-85106-4) -; - https://revistaschilenas.uchile.cl/handle/2250/246392