Abstract - The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Tulp: The beginning of a medical utopia The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Tulp was painted by Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn at the early age of 26 years. In the XVII century these paintings were very popular in Holland, and in this country the cities flourished as cultural centers searching the anatomy knowledge. Nicolaes Tulp was one of the persons in the hub of Amsterdam’s scene during XVII century. In 1632 Tulp was 39 years old, and he was an anatomist and a surgeon. Rembrandt masterly shows an autopsy performed by Dr. Tulp. This picture is the description of the beginning of a medical intellectual utopia: the absolute visibility of the disease. Unfortunately this utopia is blind to the complete visibility of the psycho-socio-cultural dimensions of the sick.