In the first part, structural conditions of the actual urban crisis are described, in a context characterized by the negative effects of a petroleum based economy. In the author’s view, these results in a society organized on the basis of a small proportion of people engaged in extraction of raw material, which generate the money to which other social sectors try to reach. In front of the present situation, that among other problems results in serious deterioration of environmental quality, the article describes in a suggestive way the features of different social movements which fight to preserve the environment and the natural resources through local associations. Regionalist movements joint the urban groups which try to eliminate centralism, all of which are thinking in alternative ways of providing energy, technology and cultural practices. In many sectors of critical living conditions the ecologist attitude has been expressed in surviving terms where people try to promote a social organization “based in solidarity instead of dependency, humility instead of superficiality, self-determination instead of enforcing”. Finally, the article points to the fact that before to engage in a determined political party, the different movements realize that they have to solve questions such as government generation, internal democracy and its relation to society.