Abstract: This paper goes back to the subjects of inequality, violence and peace addressed by the Conference of Medellin (1968). The originality of this research it is not investigating the historical, social, or economic causes, for which the Latin American Bishops arrived to relieve those problems and their solution proposal, but to verify the ‘inculturated’ nature of this magisterial teaching. We see a neat attempt to update the Gospel’s message of salvation in a particular context. Then, the focus of this work is theological and cultural. Indeed, using the semiotic method used, it highlights the cultural mediations that affected the understanding and formulation of inequality, violence and peace, as part of the theological and pastoral proposal of Medellin. By the way, it is not difficult to recognize that some of these cultural mediations are present in the social taught of Francis, the first Latin American Pope. Thus, some contributions from Medellin acquire a universal scope. Keywords: Conference of Medellin, Inculturation, Inequality, Peace.Resumen: Este trabajo retoma los temas de la desigualdad, violencia y paz abordados por la Conferencia de Medellín (1968). La novedad de esta investigación no está en la indagación de las causas históricas, sociales, económicas, etc., por las cuales los obispos latinoamericanos llegaron a relevar esos problemas y su propuesta de solución, sino en verificar el carácter “inculturado” de este discurso magisterial, en cuanto instancia actualizadora del mensaje salvífico del Evangelio en un contexto particular. La perspectiva es, entonces, teológico-cultural. En efecto, mediante el método semiótico utilizado, el trabajo pone de relieve las mediaciones culturales que incidieron en la comprensión y formulación de la desigualdad, de la violencia y la paz, como parte de la propuesta teológica y pastoral de Medellín. No es difícil reconocer que algunas de esas mediaciones están presentes en el discurso social de Francisco, el primer papa latinoamericano. Así, algunos aportes de Medellín adquieren un alcance universal. Palabras clave: Conferencia de Medellín, inculturación, desigualdad, paz. Abstract: This paper goes back to the subjects of inequality, violence and peace addressed by the Conference of Medellin (1968). The originality of this research it is not investigating the historical, social, or economic causes, for which the Latin American Bishops arrived to relieve those problems and their solution proposal, but to verify the ‘inculturated’ nature of this magisterial teaching. We see a neat attempt to update the Gospel’s message of salvation in a particular context. Then, the focus of this work is theological and cultural. Indeed, using the semiotic method used, it highlights the cultural mediations that affected the understanding and formulation of inequality, violence and peace, as part of the theological and pastoral proposal of Medellin. By the way, it is not difficult to recognize that some of these cultural mediations are present in the social taught of Francis, the first Latin American Pope. Thus, some contributions from Medellin acquire a universal scope. Keywords: Conference of Medellin, Inculturation, Inequality, Peace.