The evidence-based clinical practice (EBCP), is an important issue for clinicians in general; and surgeons as clinicians, we must not stand apart from it, because given the role that we play as educators of future generations of clinicians and surgeons, and due to the avalanche of information from the Internet, must be updated on critical evaluation of the literature to which our students access permanently. On the other hand, the EBCP has even invaded the field of management and administration in health, and in our work, with some frequency we are confronted with healthcare management and administration activities. EBCP involves a series of converging disciplines such as clinical epidemiology, critical reading of biomedical research, research design, biostatistics, health technology assessment, management and health management, etc. The aim of this manuscript was to present some generalities about the EBCP and why it should be used in the practice of surgery and related disciplines.