The modernization process occurred in certain sector of the Chilean agriculture during the last few years has given rise to a phenomenon unknown in Latin American population trends. The high labour requirements of the new agricultural export oriented activities, have encouraged a reversion of migratory trends between the rural and urban areas and stimulated in the country side the uprising of social conditions mostly corresponding to urban areas. The problems linked to the above situation make necessary an intersectorial and intercomunal agreement in various aspects that are discussed in the article.