During this study, fifteen shark heads of sand tiger shark Carcharias taurus (Rafinesque, 1810) were analyzed. The studied material was obtained in the Santos Fishing Terminal, São Paulo, Brazil. The heads dissection was focused on the characterization of the mandibular muscles and on the description of the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve. The C. taurus mandibular muscles are represented by: m. preorbitalis, m. levator palatoquadrati, m. quadratomandibularis and m. intermandibularis. The origin of the trigeminal nerve of C. taurus is located in a lateral portion of the medulla oblongata. In the orbita, the trigeminal nerve branches off to originate the mandibular branch that innervates the muscles which are derived from the mandibular arch. The proximal branches of the trigeminal nerve mandibular branch innervate the m. levator palatoquadrati. The muscles preorbitalis and quadratomandibularis receive fibers from the intermediate branches of the trigeminal nerve mandibular branch and the distal ramification of the mandibular branch can be visualized in the m. intermandibularis