An unusual unilateral variation in the branching pattern of axillary artery was observed in a 60 year oíd female embalmed cadáver. The axillary artery had only two branches arising from its proximal (first) part and no branches from its remaining distal (second & third) parts. The branches are superior thoracic (usual) and another large collateral (unusual) branch. This collateral branch is the origin of several important arteries as the circumflex scapular, thoracodorsal, posterior circumflex humeral, thoraco-acromial and lateral thoracic arteries. We propose to ñame this artery as common subscapular trunk. The course of this collateral artery (common subscapular trunk) and its branches and also clinical significance of this variation are discussed in the paper.