Due to its prominent role in major excretory pathways, the kidney is particularly sensitive especially to toxicity for antimicrobials drugs. Storage of these drugs in the renal cortex, their effect on renal cells, have consequences on the renal function, and then reabsorbed by renal tubules induce nephrotixicity. Our objective was to show the renal morphopatological alterations induced by gentamicin through the histochemical methods of routine periodic acid de Schiff (PAS) staining and imunohistochemical staining for the expression of the protein P53, which is considered as a marker for cellular apoptosis. This allows the early detection of tubular lesions. The renal morphopathologic findings were cell apoptosis, basal membrane interruption, mesangial proliferation cells, decreased Bowman's space. This result clearly shows that gentamicin administration induces renal morphopatological alterations.