Scavenger receptors were discovered as cell surface proteins capable of binding and internalization of modified lipoproteins. These receptors exhibit a broad ligand binding specificity including potential physiological and pathophysiological ligands other than modified lipoproteins. Different classes of scavenger receptors have been identified, and their relevance in normal and pathological conditions is under investigation. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies strongly support the role of class A and class B scavenger receptors in lipid transport atherogenesis