Building industry has a large environmental responsibility. All common materials have environmental impacts during their production process, but designers may choice the materials and techniques with less impact among the viable options. The objective of this work is to examine embodied energy in materials of two traditional constructive alternatives, in the region of São Leopoldo, a city in southern Brazil. Construction options considered are the reinforced concrete structure and the structural masonry. The study carried out indicated that the energy embodied in these two constructive systems is approximately 1.72 GJ.m-2 and 1.26 GJ.m-2, respectively. It may be concluded that the embodied energy is lower in the structural masonry system, with a reduction around to 1/4 in relation to the traditional option. The results can be used to help design decisions