Se describen tres nuevos craneos de pingüinos (Spheniscidae), asignados a Pygoscelis calderensis sp. nov., procedentes de la Formacion Bahia Inglesa del Mioceno Medio-Plioceno, ubicada al sur de la localidad de Caldera, en la costa de la III Region de Atacama, Chile (27°00'S, 70°45'W a 28°00', 71°00'W). Este hallazgo permite ampliar la distribucion cronologica y geografica del genero, previamente conocido desde el Plioceno Tardio de Nueva Zelanda, y constituye la mencion mas septentrional del mismo. Este registro, sumado a otras evidencias faunisticas, indica la existencia de periodos o corrientes oceanicas frias durante el Neogeno.Three new penguin skulls (Spheniscidae), assigned to the new species Pygoscelis calderensis sp. nov. from the Bahía Inglesa Formation of Middle Miocene-Pliocene age located south of Caldera on the coast of the III Región de Atacama, Chile (27°00'S, 70°45'W to 28°00', 71°00'W), are described. This finding broadens the geographic and chronologic distribution of the genus, constituting its most northern record. Before the present work, the genus was known from the Late Pliocene of New Zealand. This record, together with other faunistic evidences, suggests the existence of periods or cold oceanic currents during the Neogene.