This speech of the president of the Chilean Academy of Medicine, Dr Alejandro Goic, is a tribute to the memory of the Spanish physician, scholer, historian, writer and intellectual Dr. Pedro Laín Entralgo, who died in Madrid on June 4, 2001, at the age of 93. On that occasion, the Spanish newspaper "El Pais" defined him as the last humanist. The Spanish civil war started when Laín was 28 years old and he aligned with Franco's supporters. In 1940, when he founded the magazine "El Escorial", he was separated from the official party. He and other intellectuals declared themselves in an "interior exile". His autobiographical book, "Lightening the burden on the conscience" refers to his painful personal history. He obtained the History of Medicine chair, at the Complutense University, at the age of 34 and remained at that post until his retirement in 1978. His intellectual production is magnificent and calls to a mutual understanding, hope, friendship and love. Outstanding, among others, are his books "The wait and hope", "Theory and reality of the other", "Spain as a problem", "Medicine and history", "The clinical history", "Patient physician relationship", "Medical anthropology". He directed the collective work composed of seven volumes, called "Universal History of Medicine". He was a member of the Royal Academies for Language, History and Medicine. In Chile, he was named honorary member of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Chile and of the Academies of Language, History and Medicine. He dictated a course of Medical Anthropology that had a profound impact on the thought of Chilean physicians. In 1949 he wrote that Chile was the most solid state of Latin America and that "Chile needs to leave his traditional calm, through a historical gesture, and create the river beds required by his magnificent spiritual and geographical gifts. There is a lack of a beautiful craziness". It was an invocation for an understanding with our neighboring countries "for ever and ever" (Rev Méd Chile 2002; 130: 101-6)