Bioclimatic Urbanism in Chile: Proposal of Biozones for Urban and Environmental Planning
Urbanismo bioclimático en Chile: propuesta de biozonas para la planificación urbana y ambiental;
Urbanismo bioclimático no Chile: proposta de biozonas para planejamento urbano e meio ambiental
Author
Cárdenas-Jirón, Luz-Alicia; Universidad de Chile
Morales-Salinas, Luis; Universidad de Chile
Abstract
Bioclimatic urbanism recreates an urban ecosystem vision to channel a type of urbanization that is friendlier with the environment. It recalls how the natural abiotic element such as water, air, ground and energy, operate in a cyclical way. Dysfunction of those cycles by anthropogenic actions has provoked urban pathologies that have been tackled by state action plans and regulations. Given that climate is a key factor in those cycles, a territorial climatic zoning is proposed to give accessible information for urban planners and project practitioners. Information is useful for estimating energy demand and applying climatic resources in urban and environmental planning. The methodology consisted in leveraging databases of meteorological stations along Chile, which were interpolated and geo-referenced through Geographical Information Systems. Results deliver homogeneous territorial units that spatially aggregate meteorological values, which are influential in the bioclimatic urbanism cycles, complementing the current Chilean normative (NCh1079.of2008). Bioclimatic urbanism recreates an urban ecosystem vision to channel a type of urbanization that is friendlier with the environment. It recalls how the natural abiotic element such as water, air, ground and energy, operate in a cyclical way. Dysfunction of those cycles by anthropogenic actions has provoked urban pathologies that have been tackled by state action plans and regulations. Given that climate is a key factor in those cycles, a territorial climatic zoning is proposed to give accessible information for urban planners and project practitioners. Information is useful for estimating energy demand and applying climatic resources in urban and environmental planning. The methodology consisted in leveraging databases of meteorological stations along Chile, which were interpolated and geo-referenced through Geographical Information Systems. Results deliver homogeneous territorial units that spatially aggregate meteorological values, which are influential in the bioclimatic urbanism cycles,complementing the current Chilean normative (NCh1079.of2008). El urbanismo bioclimático recrea la visión de ecosistema urbano para encauzar una urbanización amigable con el medioambiente, recordando el funcionamiento de los ciclos de elementos abióticos: el agua, el aire, los suelos y la energía. El disfuncionamiento de ellos por la acción antrópica ha producido patologías urbanas que se abordan mediante los planes de acción y regulación estatal. Considerando que el clima es un factor clave en el funcionamiento de los ciclos, se presenta una clasificación climática territorial chilena con un propósito práctico: aportar información accesible a planificadores y proyectistas urbanos; una información útil para estimar demanda energética y emplear recursos climáticos en planificación urbana y ambiental. La metodología consistió en levantar bases de datos de estaciones meteorológicas, interpolar y georreferenciar mediante un Sistema de Información Geográfica. Los resultados entregan unidades territoriales homogéneas que agregan espacialmente valores meteorológicos, intervinientes en los subsistemas del urbanismo bioclimático, complementando la actual norma chilena (NCh1079.Of2008). O urbanismo bioclimático recria a visão de um ecossistema urbano para conduzir a a uma urbanização amigável com o meio ambiente, recordando o funcionamento dos ciclos abióticos: a água, o ar, o solo e a energia. O mau funcionamento destes ciclos por ação antrópica produziu patologias urbanas que se abordam através dos planos de ação e regulação do Estado. Ao considerar o clima como um fator chave no funcionamento dos ciclos, apresenta-se uma classificação climática territorial chilena com um proposito prático: fornecer informação acessível à planificadores e projetistas urbanos, uma informação útil para estimar demanda energética e empregar recursos climáticos na planificação urbana e ambiental. A metodologia utilizada consistiu na realização de levantamentos de bases de dados de estações meteorológicas, interpolando e georreferenciando mediante um Sistema de Informação Geográfica. Os resultados fornecem unidades territoriais homogéneas que somam espacialmente valores meteorológicos, intervindo nos subsistemas do urbanismo bioclimático, complementando a atual norma chilena (NCh1079.Of2008).
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