The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a short-term school vegetable gardens program (VEGAPRO) focused on preschoolers and their mothers from São Paulo, Brazil, on food-related behavior (FRB) as regards to vegetable consumption. The total population comprised 231dyads mother-preschooler randomly distributed in: control group (CG, n = 103), with no participation in VEGAPRO, and experimental group (EG, n= 128), with participation of preschooler in VEGAPRO. However, 38 and 60 dyads in the CG and EG, respectively, finished the VEGAPRO. Preschoolers enrolling in VEGAPRO increased the number of daily meals and the frequency with which they consume vegetables, as well as the number of vegetables that they consumed (P< 0.02). Mothers from the EG significantly increased the number of daily meals with which they consumed vegetables (P< 0.01). These findings underline the importance of implementing VEGAPRO at an early age to promote a healthy lifestyle.