Antibiotics are widely used for the treatment of dairy cows and the residues of these drugs may remain in milk and dairy products, which can be a potential threat to human health. Exposure to low levels of antibiotics is considered a public health problem as this may result in the development of resistant strains of human bacteria. The presence of antibiotic residues (AR) in milk is also a problem for the dairy industry as they can inhibit the growth of lactic bacteria. According to Brazilian legislation, antimicrobials should be used in accordance with Good Farming Practices. However, recent studies have reported contamination in milk marketed in the country. This work aimed to review studies, published over the last 10 years, which describe AR in milk marketed in Brazil. The Maximum Residue Limit, the methods for quantification of AR and the results of published studies by authors and government agencies are discussed.