Within the genus Drosopliila ihere are 8 cosmopolitan species: D. ananassae, D. biisckii, D.¡mmigrans, D. funebris, D. hydei, D. melanogaster, D. repleta and D. simulans. The last 7 oneshave been frequently collected in Chile. D. ananassae that is a circuntropical species, has beenobserved only in two occasions on imported tropical fruits. In spitc that all the cosmopolitan specieslive closely associated to human activities, ihey show well-cut diffcrenccs regarding distribution,habitat preferences, abundance and seasonal activity.