Fatty acids from fish are of great interest for human consumption, and the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) is one of the most important aquaculture species in Mexico and perhaps in other countries with similar resource endowments. Channel catfish occupy a trophic level that theoretically and potentially allows the retention and de novo biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids (FAs), essential for human nutrition and health. Here, we present an overview of the main features of FAs, their reported average levels and extreme values in channel catfish assessments, and their correlations. The importance of FAs for human consumption and some implications for future research are discussed.