A quantitative study of metazoan meiofauna was carried out in Valparaiso Bay (33°S 71°W) which is affected by seasonal hypoxia in central Chile. The contents of bottom water, dissolved oxygen (BWDO), organic carbon, chloroplast pigments and composition of stable carbon isotope (&#948;13C) in the sediment were used as a measure of the contribution of primary production in the water column, which accumulates in the sediment. Meiofauna abundances in the three sampling stations (80-140 m depth) ranged from 2.218 ± 643 to 1.592 ± 148 ind 10 cm-2. Nine upper metazoan meiofauna groups were recorded, with nematodes as the dominant group, contributing with more than 95% of total abundances. The abundance vertical distribution was concentrated in the first layers of sediment in most groups except Acari and nauplii larvae. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed significant correlations (P < 0.05) between the meiofauna abundance and organic content, depth and redox potential from sediments. These results represent a first approach to understanding the ecology of meiofaunal assemblages in the Valparaiso Bay and may be useful as a baseline for future comparisons and descriptions of the ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) and seasonal variations of these unknown benthic communities.