Objective: To associate the exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) and the development of early childhood caries (ECC). Specific objective, to analyze the scientific evidence available between SHS and ECC.Materials and Method: An indexed search was conducted using databases from PUBMED, Web of science, PROQUEST, and Scopus, using search patterns: (Secondhand smoke OR passive smoking) AND (children) AND (dental caries OR caries) AND (early childhood caries). Articles from the last 5 years were considered, as inclusion criteria were considered ages from pregnancy up to children under 6-years old and systematically healthy. Studies performed on animals, or that included systemic diseases were excluded. Articles were selected based on information from the title, abstract, and keyword search.Results: Of a total of 2.181 search results, 31 articles related to the topic were pre-selected, from which 15 articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected; of them, 7 were cross-sectional studies, 3 longitudinal studies, 2 case-control, and 3 systematic reviews. It was determined that there is a statistically significant association between SHS exposure and the development of ECC.Conclusion: There is a direct relationship between exposure to secondhand smoke and the development of early childhood cavities.Objetivo: Establecer si existe relación entre la exposición al Humo de segunda mano (HSM) y desarrollo de caries de infancia temprana (CIT). Objetivo específico, analizar la evidencia científica disponible entre HSM y CIT.Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda indexada en bases de datos: PUBMED, Web of science, PROQUEST y Scopus, utilizando patrones de búsqueda: (Seconhand smoke OR passive smoking) AND (children) AND (dental caries OR caries) AND (early childhood caries). Se consideraron articulos de los últimos 5 años, como criterio de inclusión se consideró desde el embarazo hasta niños menores de 6 años y sistemicamente sanos. Fueron excluidos estudios en animales o que incluian enfermedades sistémicas. Los artículos fueron seleccionados en base a la información del título, resumen, y búsqueda de palabras claves.Resultados: De 2181 aciertos se preseleccionaron 31 artículos que se relacionaban con el tema, de los que, finalmente se seleccionaron 15 artículos que cumplían los criterios de inclusión; 7 estudios de corte transversal, 3 de corte longitudinal, 2 caso – control y 3 revisiones sistemáticas. Existe una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la exposición al HSM y el desarrollo de CIT.Conclusión: Existe una relación directa entre exposición al humo de segunda mano y el desarrollo de caries de la infancia temprana.