Spanish texts from the 16th century included some explanatory notes accompanying words of traditional Hispanic origin. These annotations indicate that indigenous people or Spaniards living in the first American cities employed a lexicon unfamiliar or unknown to the annotators' inherited traditional Spanish vocabulary. The annotators mainly involved in these cases were civil servants as well as some journalists with a puristic attitude towards vocabulary. Analyses of under researched examples of the lexicon in question reveal that these words are of Arabic or Portuguese origin, which are the product of semantic changes, or derivatives with meanings very distant from those of the original phrases. This transformation indicates a first-level separation between the lexicon employed in America and the one that was used in Peninsular SpainEn textos españoles del siglo XVI se documentan glosas explicativas que acompañan a voces del fondo hispánico tradicional. Dichas apostillas indican que los indios o los que forman parte de las primeras ciudades americanas emplean léxico español que los autores desconocen o consideran extrañas a su vocabulario patrimonial. Los autores principalmente implicados en estos casos son funcionarios y algunos cronistas con una actitud purista ante el vocabulario. El análisis de los ejemplos no investigados hasta el momento en este contexto, permite aseverar que estos son de procedencia árabe o portuguesa, o son producto de cambios semánticos, y derivados con significados muy alejados de la voz originaria.