The present study has the goal of bringing awareness to some aspects of the constitution and psychological development as a historical process mediated by culture, understood as the historically elaborated set of material and non-material human production, and to reflect on its implications in early childhood education. The theoretical-methodological support on which we are based is historical-cultural psychology, with classical authors such as Vygotsky, Luria and Leontiev. he main focus of this study is the psychical developmental processes of young children, we will highlight the historical process of the human constitution of man, learning as a fundamental process for psychical development and educational activities as a necessary condition for the development of higher psychological functions.KEYWORDS. Historical-Cultural Psychology, Development of Higher Psychological Functions, Early Childhood Education.Doi: 10.21703/rexe.20181735mattosinho5